Mark g



(No Model.)

I M. 0. MOORE.

, HAEROW. No. 425,447; Patented Apr. 15. 1890.

o o o \L'. o I o I o o O G O O O O O O O Witnesses: a v i lnvgltor 0 cfir w WWW. w 6? an 7 Attorney 7H: "mm mm 110., movwna, msmnmn, D4 1:.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICEG MARK O. MOORE, OF BUNKER HILL, OHIO.

HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 425,447, dated April 15, 1890.

Application filed June 17, 1889. Serial No. 314,630. (No model.)

Figure 1 is a plan of a harrow embodying my improvements, the harrow being exhibited in its open or working position; Fig. 2, a front end elevation of the same with the right-hand folding section in folded position with its runner projecting downwardly in working position; Fig. 3, a side elevation of the harrow, upon a smaller scale, exhibiting the har 'ow in folded condition; and Fig. 4, a front end elevation, upon an enlarged scale,

- at the point of juncture between the central section and the right-hand section, this view exhibiting in full lines the right-hand section as in vertical position in the act of being turned from the horizontal or working position to the angular or folded position, the dotted lines representing the right-hand section when in horizontal or working position.

In the drawings, A indicates the central non-folding section of a harrow, the same being of ordinary construction, formed of toothed beams and cross'bars; B, the righthand folding section, of similar construction, this section being hinged to the outer edge of the central section, so that the outer section may be folded over on top of the central section, as indicated at the right of Fig. 2, the folded section when thus folded lying in an inclined plane; 0, a similar folding section at the left, the two folding sections, when folded, thus giving to the harrow the outlines of a gable; D, hinge-rods by which the folding sections are united to the central section, the hinges being formed in the usual manner by eyes in the cross-bars of the sections; E, prolongations of the cross-bars of the outer sections, these prolongations projecting inwardly and upwardly when the harrow is lying flat in working condition; F, hinge-rods supported at the inner extremities of the prolongations E, these rods serving as the pivots for the hinged runners; G, runners pivoted to the rods F and depending therefrom, the runners being of such vertical depth that, when the folding sections are properly folded up on the central section, the runners will project down below the harrow teeth of the central section and serve in supporting the harrow with those teeth free of the ground; H, upward prolongations at the ends of each runner, past their pivot rods; J, outward projections from these prolongations, these projections being adapted to engage over the cross-bars of the central section when the folding sections are folded, as indicated at the right in Fig. 2; L, two of the hitching-points for the draft-chains, these points being located near the right-hand edge of the central section and the right-hand folding section, respectively, the hitch taking place, as usual, at the top of the barrowthat is-to say, on the usual-cross-bars; M, draft-chains extending forwardly from these hitchi ng-points and converging to a draft-ring; N, the usual draft-ring at the forward juncture of the chains M, this draft-chain being intended to receive the doubletree in the usual manner; 0, a stretcher-rod disposed be tween the heels of the two chains M near the front edge of the barrow; P, a hitching-point at the right-hand edge of the left-hand folding section C, this hitching-point consisting of a mere eye to receive a chain,being located low down, preferably at the lower edge of the appropriate harrow-rail; Q, a chain extending from this low-down hitch-point P to the ring N.

\Vhen the harrow is in flat working position, the runners stand up out of the way, as indicated at the left of Fig. 2. The prolongations E of the folding sections form inwardly-proj eating levers, which carry the runner-pivots. When the folding sections are folded up, then these levers carry the runners downward until the runners come in contact with the ground, the continuation of the folding acting lever-like on the runners as fulcruins to lift'the outer edges of the central section free of the ground, and when the outer sections are finally folded in position the central section is elevated with its teeth free of the ground and is supported by the run- 5 ners, the projections J of the runners catching above the cross-bars of the central section, where they serve in bracing the runners firmly in active position. On unfolding the harrow into flat position the runners automatically 1 move inwardly and upwardly, as will be clearly understood from 'a study of Fig. 4.

The harrow is to be drawn over the field diagonally, as usual, and the adjustment of the length of the chain Q serves as a means for r 5 adjusting the angle of the harrow to the line of draft. The stretcher 0 serves in practically unifying the chains Q between the ring N and the stretcher, and as the chain Q is adjusted in length the chains M move together, swinging upon the hitch-points L and take proper position.

In applying the draft to three-section folding harrows great difficulty is experienced in preventing the improper rising of some portion of the harrow under the effect of the draft. The two chains M M are hitched at the same levelthat is, at the top of the harrow. Assume for the moment the chain Q to be hitched at P at the same level as the chains 0 M. In that case the draft on chain Q, always a more or less upward one, will tend to lift the outer edge of the central section and the inner edge of the left-hand section. Furthermore, the action on the soil will tend to 5 lift the outer edge of the left-hand section. I avoid this action by properly lowering the hitch-point P. The consequence of this lowering is that the chain Q tends to pull the hitch-point P to the left, and this action ob- 40 viously tends to pull the outer edge of the left-hand section 0 downwardly. The up ward pull upon the chain Q is resisted by the combined weight of the adjoining edges of the central and left sections, and this weight is thus caused to act as an agent in holding down the outer edge of the left-hand section. The left-hand chain M has its upward pull resisted by the combined weight at the juncture of two sections, and the stretcher prevents the rise of the outer edge of the righthand section by reason of the fact that itunifies the action of the two chains M. WVere the stretcher removed, then the right-hand one of the chains M would tendto lift the outer edge of the right-hand section. With the stretcher in place, however, there is a resistance to any shortening of the distance between the two hitch-points L L, which shortening would be a necessary result of any elevation of the outer edge of the right-hand section.

The hinge-rods D and F are mere pivotrods, and obviously may find their equivalents in short bolts at the hinge-points.

I claim as my' invention I 1. In a harrow, the combination, substantially as set forth,of a central harrow-section, a folding section hinged at each edge thereof and adapted to fold upon the central section, levers E, projecting inwardly from the inner edge of each folding section, runners G,.pivoted to said levers, upward prolongations H .of said runners above the pivots which unite them to said levers, and projections J from said prolongations adapted to engage the cen- 7 5 tral section.

2. In a harrow, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a central barrow-section provided with a hitching-point at the front and top of the harrow near the side of the section, a harrowsection hinged to said central section at the edge thereof nearest said hitching-point and provided near its outer edge with a hitching-point, a pair of draftchains converging from said two hitching- 85 points to a hitching-ring forward of the harrow, a stretcher engaging said chains near their hitching-points at the harrow, a third harrow-section hinged to the edge of the central section opposite the previously-mentioned hinged section and provided. at its inner edge and front with a hitching-point 1ooatecl below the axis of the hinge which unites it to the central sect-ion, and a draft-chain connecting said last-mention ed hitching-point 9 5- With the ring at the point of convergence of the two previously-mentioned chains.

MARK O. MOORE. \Vitnesses:

J. W. SEE, (J. CRAWFORD. 

